An interesting topic arose in the comments no an answer relating to Manufacturers of sensors.
I decided to keep the answer to dedicated cameras and it was meant to be an illustrative list rather than exhaustive. But fabrice d
has asked the iPhone to be considered as a camera too (in the context of Samsung as a manufacturer). As far as I'm concerned the iPhone camera is an adjunct to another device (a smartphone) but even though it's not the primary function it does have a camera and is very popular for photography.
In my answer I was intending to stick to 'proper' cameras (ie, with an interchangeable lens, or possibly professional compacts) but I don't mind doing some digging to include it - but does the community think it's valuable to make an exception and include it?